Lua is an embeddable scripting language. If you are trying to embed it in PHP follow this instructions that may help you:
$ sudo apt-get install phpize liblua5.1-0-dev
$ git clone git://repo.or.cz/phplua.git src
$ cd src/
$ phpize
$ ./configure
At this point you are almost done, BUT please edit the file Makefile and change the line:
LUA_SHARED_LIBADD = -llua
by:
LUA_SHARED_LIBADD = -llua5.1
Then is time to finish cooking:
$ make
$ sudo make install
Almost done, do a test:
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$ make tests #all will fail, that is fine by now